Academic Terminology

The absorption rate of an object or surface is the ratio of the thermal radiation energy projected onto th …

Passive Q-switching consists of optical elements, such as those filled with organic dyes or doped crystals …

The definition of gain clamping is a strict restriction on the gain of certain amplifiers or lasers, usual …

The threshold of a laser is a state in which the small-signal gain is just equal to the resonator loss so …

The threshold pump power of a laser refers to the pump power value at which the laser threshold is just re …

Solid matrix materials can be broadly divided into two categories: crystalline and glass. The body must ha …

The figure above shows a four-level laser system unique to rare earth ions in glass or crystalline matrix …

Atomic systems, such as atoms, ions, and molecules, exist only in discrete energy states. The change from …

Atoms or ions have different electron energy levels, and the transitions between these energy levels usual …