Colored optical glass, because of its functions of cut-off absorption, selective absorption, ultraviolet transmission, infrared transmission, etc., has been widely used in thousands of color filtering, color correction, separation and compensation, etc., is an important optical material. Tinted glass, also known as filter glass, refers to this type of glass that absorbs light in a certain wavelength to a greater or lesser extent. In general, depending on the color or absorption characteristics of the tinted glass.
Commercial tinted glass is classified as follows:
- UG: Ultraviolet translucent black and blue glass, which is the ultraviolet bandpass filter.
- BG：Blue, teal and multi-pass glass.
- VG：Green glass.
- GG：Approximately colorless to yellow glass with infrared translucent.
- OG：Infrared-transparent orange glass.
- RG：Infrared-to-black translucent glass.
- NG: Neutral dark glass (with a relatively uniform loss of transmittance over a spectral range. i.e., transmittance is wavelength independent).
N-WG: Transparent and infrared, absorbent band in ultraviolet colorless glass. The "N-" here indicates that this type of glass is environmentally friendly and does not use ingredients such as lead and arsenic. - KG：Infrared absorption, visible light high transparency colorless glass, that is, "shortpass" filter.
According to the tinting mechanism, tinted glass can be divided into three categories:
- Matrix glass: that is, N-WG glass, the absorption band is in the ultraviolet, which is colorless and transparent, and there is no visible range of colorants in the composition.
- Ionic tinted glass: The composition of this type of glass contains chromogenic heavy metal ions or rare earth ions, and the color of the glass depends on the type of doped ions, the doping concentration, the ionic valence state and the composition of the matrix glass.
- Colloidal tinted glass: This type of glass is not colored after the melt has cooled and formed, and when it is heat treated at the appropriate temperature, it will show different colors. There is a very steep absorption edge in the absorption spectrum of this glass, and the color rendering (the position of the absorption edge) is closely related to the type and concentration of doped ions, heat treatment temperature and time.
The naming of colored glass grades in China is composed of English letters and numbers. The first letter of the grade represents the nature and color of the glass, and the last letter B represents the glass. For example, HWB stands for infrared-transparent glass, JB stands for yellow (golden) glass, and AB stands for neutral (dark) glass. The following table briefly introduces the grades and scope of use of colored glass in China.
| The name of the glass | Scope of use | Glass grades |
|---|---|---|
| UV transparent glass | Spectroscopic instruments, illumination | ZWB1,ZWB2 |
| Infrared translucent glass | Night vision instruments | HWBl HWB2 HWB3 HWB4 |
| Purple glass | Sights | ZBl ZB2 ZB3 ZB4 |
| Blue (cyan) glass | Microscopes, lighting, etc | QBl~QB22 |
| Green glass | Measuring instruments, observation instruments, rangefinders, etc | LBl~LB16 |
| Yellow (golden) glass | Photography, photography, etc | JBl~JB8 |
| Orange glass | Foggy lighting, observation instruments, rangefinders, etc | CBl~CB7 |
| Red glass | Long-distance photography, photography, etc | HBl~HB16 |
| Protective glass | Protective eyewear | FBl~FB7 |
| Neutral (dark) glass | Observation instruments, sights, etc | ABl~AB10 |
| Ultraviolet transparent white glass | Sharp-cut filters | BB1~BB8 |
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